China enters tall iron period
Develop a program according to national railway, 2020, business course of development of our country railroad will achieve 120 thousand kilometer, but up to 2012 the end of the year, countrywide railroad business course of development is 98 thousand kilometer, difference is 22 thousand kilometer. And cancel of the State CouncilRailway ministrySince, many railroad in the plan did not carry construction program, construction of circuitry of a little tall iron has been laid aside.
On July 8 morning, be in Beijing traffic university in an office, with respect toChinese railroadThe bottleneck of development reachs prospective trend, be called by media " railroad spokesman " Wang Mengshu of expert of academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering, railroad accepted law on the weekend the reporter's special interview.
"It is difficult to buy a ticket " result from railroad transport power is insufficient
Rule by law on the weekend: 5 years ago, the State Council is approved " in long-term railroad network plans (adjusted 2008) " , put forward countrywide railroad business course of development achieved above of 120 thousand kilometer 2020. Print and distribute of former railway ministry " national railway " 925 " development plans " when, the implementation of this target time arrives ahead of schedule 2015. Whether do this mean development of our country railroad to be put in giant vacuum?
Wang Mengshu: Railroad development space is quite large.
At present our country railroad does business total course of development is 98 thousand kilometer, rank world the 2nd, but as huge as existence of United States of rank world first gap, american railroad does business total course of development is 272 thousand much kilometer. In the on the world 100 many states that have railroad, the density of network of road of average per capita of our country is less than 10 centimeters, the rank is reciprocal. Spring carry " it is difficult to buy a ticket " be not worth because of transport power of our country railroad namely, far insufficient people goes a nethe most popular selling norton internet antivirused.
Former railway ministry makes national railway " 925 " when development plans, put forward to achieve the goal that countrywide railroad business course of development achieved 120 thousand kilometer 2020 5 years ahead of schedule, calculate according to the railroad construction speedometer at that time: Can build 3000 kilometers railroad every year according to 600 billion yuan of investment, add did not appear in the newspaper but the railroad that building is close 10 thousand kilometer, below the circumstance that makes sure capital reachs the designated position, know how things stand and feel confident of handling them enrages target of the construction that finish.
Compress our country traffic to carry the GDP(Gross National Product that drive) portion, also will develop the space with very large put apart to railroad.
In annual GDP, the scale that content shedding carries is in 20% to 25% , but this scale is very unreasonable, advocate if rely on the resource such as the oil with high grade motor transportation and coal to pull,move, belong to the economic bubble of wasteful resource. In the GDP of the developed country, content sheds carriage scale to have 8% only toharrison hot spring weather forecast 9% . What meaning is this? Their carriage basically relies on railroad.
If our counthe best harrison hot spring dealselling north face shirtstry can reach this level, was equal to annual GDP to compress the economic bubble of 15% . The GDP of our country was many yuan 570 thousand 2012, was equivalent to squeezing many yuan 80 thousand economy bubble.
The economic bubble that squeezes is the development space that railroad carries. Current, the motor transportation in energy cost specified amount is occupied 83.7% , civil aviaton is occupied 14% , railroad is occupied only 1.9% . Include large container transport, after coming from haven, rely on large motor transportation, destroy an environment, destroy liaison man, should study plan as soon as possible, railroad outspread reach haven and airport.
Short-term cannot solve " it is difficult to buy a ticket "
Rule by law on the weekend: There is a personage to think inside railroad industry, the way that railroad develops depends on national railway strategy is decision-making. You how look upon this kind of sound?
Wang Mengshu: Our country lacks the railroad of national level to develop the strategy really.
Rule by law on the weekend: According to " in long-term railroad network plans (adjusted 2008) " firm objective, did not come 7 years average and annual need to throw operation 3000 kilometers left and right sides. You how the difference between program of development of look upon railroad and reality?
Wang Mengshu: Long-term railroad network plans in and " 925 " during railroad development program is program of national railway development, it is the index of a rigid to former railway ministry, now, whether must iron head office watch casesachieve program goal in, must have the support of capital and corresponding policy, otherwise the index of this rigid is finished not easily, also do not have this responsibility.
I not according to calculated 2015, that is finished far from possibly. I according to calculated 2020, not anxious, in iron head office now is an enterprise, do why so fast. Look now, without infrastructure fund composition invests, cannot achieve the goal of 120 thousand kilometer 2020. This target came true, what also wonthe most popular norton internet antivirus't cause railroad line resource is unused, should solve " it is difficult to buy a ticket " , continue to build railroad even. 300 million much population of American, railroad grows more than us.
If want to achieve program goal, railroad construction invests 600 billion yuan every year the least, build 3000 kilometers, such rate is more appropriate, again fast guarantee against quality.
Railroad of defer of 2.6 trillion yuan of debt is built
Rule by law on the weekend: Since this year March, many railroad in the plan did not carry construction program, construction of circuitry of a little tall iron has been laid aside even. Excuse me, what is the account that railroad establishs a design to delimit defer is laid aside even?
Wang Mengshu: Immediate cause is railroad the problem of 2.6 trillion yuan of debt.
The country reorganizations when the railway ministry, be like where manage railroad without the consideration 2.6 trillion yuan of debt. I suggest at that time, can take out 1 trillion yuan to regard bad debt as dead Zhang processing, bury sheet by the country, after all this money threw railroad to be carried. Final, the country still decides this debt is total by in iron head office is assumed. In iron head office only accrual is about one year to pay many yuan 1000.
Below this kind of circumstance, in iron head office to ensure of oneself live, make moneythe best spring pool at once repay 2.6 trillion yuan of debt, did not build railroad according to the program of the beginning of the year, instead builds the railroad that can make money.
Rule by law on the weekend: Did this mirror developing of our country railroad what problem? What is the consequence that causes from this?
Wang Mengshu: Reflected a state insufficient to building the importance of railroad and necessity understanding.
If railroad investment is annual 600 billion yuan, can drive GDP to increase 1.5 percent, this is useful to the country GDP, is not bubble economy, return the obtain employment problem that can solve 6 million person, help the development that moves 2000 many state-owned and large companies.
Where does railroad repair, where lived, drive a big. Build Kunming to arrive before the railroad of Nanning in those days, I went 7 days along plan circuitry flower, extremely poor. After railroad building be open to traffic, the life of common people of along the line ran.
As a result of railroad undercapitalize, railroad builds shutdown, it is difficult that the industry that concerns with railroad also appeared, the 2000 many large companies that drive by railroad construction originally are affected, be faced with close. Resemble saddle steel, rely on to railroad to break rail to live namely, railroad construction stops, saddle steel works with respect to work of it doesn't matter. Still cement industry, power industry, coal industry waits on, downstream industry is affected.
The country also realized this problem, head office of the iron in asking takes out a feasible railroad to build a plan, preliminary throw 600 billion yuan by the country, continue to build railroad.
Rule by law on the weekend: Whether do you think capital problem is one of bottleneck that limit railroad development?
Wang Mengshu: Yes, railroad builds capital to want to reach the designated position, this is very crucial. spring pool
Railroad construction needs national loan, the country should throw gold of one share capital, without money, build what railroad. After capital reachs the designated position, railroad construction has reasonable time limit for a project, reasonable cost, sound plan and reasonable contract even, these 4 respects are done bad, capital reachs the designated position to also was not used. In practice, "4 unreasonable " reaching the designated position with capital is the main problem that railroad construction faces.
Total somebody oppugns railroad to develop
Rule by law on the weekend: In Feburary 2011, liu Zhijun of minister of former railway ministry falls horse; In those days in July, lukewarm line of another name for Ningbo produces accident of traffic of particularly major railroad. Public data shows, after two incident, railroad especially Gao Tiejian is set " rein in footstep " , social community develops to railroad especially Gao Tiefa exhibits generation to oppugn.
You the doubt that the social community that how these two incident cause look upon develops to railroad? Whether to explain our country develops to still did not reach consensus to railroad?
Wang Mengshu: "7·23 " after accident of traffic of particularly major railroad produces lukewarm line of another name for Ningbo, railway ministry carriage bureau has some of person to shift accident responsibility toward construction unit, consider shirk duty, this responsibility is very actually clear, I give railroad bureau device, engine gives you, you should develop a person with ability at once, cure, the canal is good, with good, foster cordial relations between countries, the enterprise must be accomplished.
The accident is liability accident apparently, administrative issue is brought about. Lukewarm line of another name for Ningbo still is not Gao Tie, it is fast railroad, one hour is less than 200 kilometers, interval of two times of train is a hour, how can you trace remaining part? The thing that produces impossibly happened.
Say equipment has a problem at that time, produced an accident on July 23, restored to move on July 25, as usual of 58 signal equipment runs. Equipment does not have a problem. On July 23 be struck by lightning when, it is a fuse was burned, the worker does not know how to be handled, fear to jockey he is responsible, with respect to the edge moving edge is repaired, the result gave an issue.
I at that time is assistant group leader of technique of group of accident investigation expert, do not agree to maintain stoutly for technical equipment issue. Arrived to announce before the accident holds time 3 months, still must not give verdict, still want to regard responsibility main body as technical issue, I am very impolite, telling this publicly actively is not technical issue, it is liability issue. I still sent a special statement.
I feel from these things, this is not railroad development did not reach consensus, have however quite a batch of people capture each opportunity to think method atttacks Gao Tie, debase Gao Tie.
Make national railway develop the strategy as soon as possible
Rule by law on the weekend: A moment ago we speak of, the strategy of railroad of national lack development is decision-making, so, what are you to this proposal?
Wang Mengshu: I feel the country wants to realize the value that railroad builds and necessity up and down. The country wants prosperous and strong, need beard and hair exhibits railroad, this is not the problem of railroad branch, it is national problem, after realising, want to consider the integral disposition that railroad develops on national level, program railroad develops way.
Our country is span of a thing amounts to 5400 kilometers, north and south 5200 kilometers, population is numerous, the sources of energy, resource is serious and in short supply, and distributing not all, the fast railroad network that urgent need carries line of can enough, dot is coordinated.
We go western survey when, offerred two proposals that construct a city to place: Without the place of railroad, cannot build a city; Without the place of water, cannot build a city.
Rule by law on the weekend: Whether does your proposal include a country to make railroad develop the strategy?
Wang Mengshu: Need to make, the key is who will make, must decide by the high level.
Rule by law on the weekend: Be aimed at in front the bottleneck that railroad construction is faced with, whether the development that ensures our country railroad to include Gao Tie through perfecting the means of system of plan of railroad law law?
Wang Mengshu: Change of railroad construction development is bigger, draft railroad code estimation applies hard.
Rule by law on the weekend: How do you suggest to break through the capital bottleneck that Chinese railroad develops?
the most popular north face shirtsWang Mengshu: Capital problem, railroad nation network includes international net to have the construction cost of network of road of sex of strategical, overall situation so, hope the country is assumed. Other railroad, the country can take out one part, for instance 50% , other fund adopts loan.
Carry policy integratedly to should be a center with railroad
Rule by law on the weekend: You think the country neenorth face shirtsds to publish what policy, in order to ensure railroad develops?
Wang Mengshu: My proposal is, on the foundation that the country is studying to integrated traffic carries a program, make carry policy integratedly what include railroad, highway and boat cool one's heels to carry mode inside, must carry clearly with railroad for the center, join highway, aviation, dock.
Among them, railroad carries include: System of traffic of subway of city of system of quick traffic system, high speed of railroad of development city border, development, passenger transport mixes development railroad freight develops simultaneously.
Highway transportation proportion must be decreased come down. Highway transportation dies every year 120 thousand person, actual death number 20 much people, it is the serious waste of resource and the sources of energy. "Type of booth thin pancake made of millet flour " the city is outspread, use between the city two-way of freeway of 8 driveway, 10 driveway build kind, the carriage means of a large number of oily bad news produced very big disaster.
The freeway cannot locate for freight passageway, should be consideration of a kind of strategy, once have critical thing, can serve as a kind of swift passage. National hair changes appoint also had put forward, develop a freeway no longer later.
Rule by law on the weekend: To the stress that Chinese railroad future develops, what is your proposal? Wang Mengshu: In national level, the strategic focal point that builds about railroad is two pieces " net " . A piece " net " it is Beijing arrives 8 hours to all provincial capital cities, another piece " net " it is each provincial capital cities between arrive 8 hours, besides Lhasa and Urumqi. These two pieces " net " best can foster cordial relations between states before 2020, when arriving, whole country can run greatly appearance. Another strategy key is to should do burden railroad, use at carrying a large amount of resofree modern dining chairsurce such as coal, oil.
Be in a place, need is built provincial network of city border railroad, join with fast railroad each provincial capital and the city between this province, general requirement run time should be less than 1 hour, such very convenient common people are in provincial give travel and communication quickly.
Circuitry of railroad construction key includes get through our country coastal big channel and " silk railroad " .
Build coastal big channel to begin from northeast, by smoke (stage) big (connect) the passageway that cross the sea, repair Guangdong, Hainan all the time along Shandong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Fujian, channel of get through city fining jade arrives 3 inferior, span is 5700 much kilometers, solve the traffic is disadvantageous problem between coastal harbour, especially get through is northeast the connection of 3 provinces and Hua Dong, Hua Na.
"Silk railroad " begin from our country Urumqi, through Jierjisisitan, Wu Ci the country such as Biekesitan, Turkey, Iran goes to Germany, become our country to lead to Europe and in inferior, on the west inferior the 2nd overland passageway, can will on the west inferior oil is carried come over. "Silk railroad " after get through, carriage cost is compared marine can cheap half, time can shorten 2/3. (Rule by law on the weekend)
